Are there people who never dream?
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Only in special, rare cases.
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Dreams are most likely during a phase of sleep called REM (rapid eye movement)
sleep. Even people who say they never remember dreams, usually do
remember dreams when lab technicians wake them up during REM sleep. The main
exception seems to be people with rare kinds of brain damage.
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How many minutes does it take for the average, normal person to fall asleep?
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15 - 20
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Of course, this varies from person to person and from time to time. If you
consistently fall asleep much faster (say, within 5 minutes, every single night),
this could be a sign that you are overly sleepy. If you consistently take more than
30 minutes to fall asleep, you may have insomnia.
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How many hours of sleep should young people (ages 11 – 17) get each night?
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9-10
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Research shows that young people your age don’t perform their best, and don’t
awaken easily without an alarm clock, unless they get close to ten hours of sleep!
Do you get enough sleep?
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How many nightmares does the average young adult have in one year?
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12
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Some people have many nightmares. Others have none. (Psychological tests show that
nightmare sufferers may be more open, sensitive, and trusting than other people.)
The frequency of nightmares changes with age. Children aged 3-8 are particularly
susceptible to nightmares. The once-a-month figure (above) comes from research on
college students. Most nightmares are due to stress, illness, trauma, or physical discomfort.
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How many dreams does the average person have in one night?
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3 - 5
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This is really a guess. But each night, we typically have 3 – 5 periods of REM
sleep. And when scientists wake people up from REM sleep in sleep labs, most of
them (80%) report that they were dreaming. The number could actually be much
higher, since it is possible to report dreams from other sleep stages, too. But
researchers say that it is probably impossible to remember all (or even most!) of
your dreams, because your memory just doesn’t work the same way when you are
asleep.
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Do blind people dream?
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Yes.
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The dreams of people blind from birth feature sounds, touches, emotions, etc. –
just like their waking experience. (People who went blind after age 7 usually see
some visual images in their dreams.)
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Which animals dream?
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All mammals (except the spiny anteater).
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If you have a pet, you have probably seen the animal twitch in its sleep. All
mammals experience REM sleep, and research suggests that during REM, they
experience the same hallucinations that we humans call dreams. But different
species go through the cycles of sleep at different rates. For instance, cats’
REM periods are only 24 minutes apart. Opossums’ REM periods are about 90 minutes
apart, the same as ours.
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Sleepwalking occurs in which type of sleep?
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"Slow Wave" sleep / Delta sleep
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Most sleepwalking happens during the deepest kind of sleep, Slow Wave Sleep
(SWS). Contrary to popular opinion, it is not harmful to wake up a sleepwalker.
However, it may be hard to do. (People are usually very hard to wake up from
SWS.) Kids often outgrow sleepwalking, although the problem can linger into
adulthood.
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Do people dream in color?
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Yes
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People who pay more attention to color in waking life (artists, etc.) are more
likely to notice the colors in their dreams. But even people who don’t normally
notice color in their dreams are often able to recall specific dream colors under
certain circumstances (awakened during REM in a sleep lab, and asked specific color
questions by the technician.)
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Is it true that if you die in your dream, you’ll die in real life?
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No
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It is a common superstition, but a false one. Many people do wake up from dreams or
nightmares just before the unavoidable death of their dream-self. Even in our
dreams, we have a strong survival instinct; many peoples’ dreaming minds simply
will not allow the dream to continue if death seems certain. But some people do
dream of their own death and live to tell about it.
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What percentage of American adults say that they have had a psychic dream?
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66
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Reports of psychic dreams are amazingly common. Scientists often attribute the
reports to chance or coincidence. But those who have experienced these dreams
staunchly believe in psychic phenomenon. What do you think?
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How many major religions have teachings that include Divine/spiritual dreams?
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All.
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The Bible mentions quite a few important dreams, as do the sacred texts of all
major world religions. Most religions teach that:
- Dreams can be a way of communicating with a Higher Power.
- Not all dreams should be regarded as messages from God.
What does your religion teach about dreams?
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What do the following have in common?
Pregnancy, psychological trauma, natural awakening (without an alarm clock)
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Increase dream recall
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People who have been through traumatic experiences such as rape, wartime combat, or
natural disasters, usually notice that their dream recall increases sharply. The
hormonal changes (and/or lighter sleep) of pregnancy also seem to boost dream
recall. Some medications can cause a sudden surge of dreams. You are much more
likely to remember dreams if you wake up naturally and have an unhurried morning.
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What do the following have in common?
Bright lighting, warm temperature, cold feet, caffeine, stress
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Worsen sleep
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Even with your eyes closed, some light gets through your eyelids and sends a subtle
"wake-up" signal to your brain. When the room is hot, it may cause
nightmares. Studies show it takes longer to fall asleep when your feet are cold.
Some people feel that caffeine does not affect them much, since they can still fall
asleep. But research shows that the quality of caffeinated sleep probably isn’t
as good; there are more arousals and restless movements. Caffeine can stay in your
system and affect your sleep for 6 hours.
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What do the following have in common?
Waking up at the same time every day, milk & turkey near bedtime, regular
"white" noise
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Improve sleep
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People who maintain very regular schedules of bedtime and awakening times tend to
sleep better. Milk and turkey contain an amino acid called tryptophan, which may
improve sleep. Some light sleepers benefit by listening to a very constant noise
(such as an electric fan), which may help cover up irregular background noises that
might otherwise wake them up.
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What do the following have in common?
Alcohol, marijuana, depression
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Decrease dream frequency
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All of these affect REM sleep, and suppress dreams. Oddly enough, some people may
actually feel they dream more after having alcohol, for example. Why?
Because when our bodies are deprived of REM sleep, they eventually go into
"REM rebound", an intense REM state that tries to "make up for lost
time" in that sleep stage. The resulting dream may be more memorable (and/or
more disturbing!), but in reality, the body is still not getting enough REM sleep
time.
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What do the following have in common?
Loss of creative thinking, irritability, slower reaction times, difficulty learning
new skills
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Effects of sleep deprivation
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It really is a bad practice to pull "all nighters" before important
exams. It affects the way your brain works, and also may affect its ability to
store knowledge in an orderly way for long-term retrieval. Your creative thinking
and your good mood are usually the first things to suffer!
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What do the following have in common?
Feel awake but unable to move, may sense an "evil presence" in the room,
may struggle to breathe
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Symptoms of sleep paralysis (also called an "Old Hag" experience)
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People have been describing this phenomenon since ancient times. Scientists have a
theory about why it may happen. Ordinarily, during dreaming sleep, our brain sends
a chemical message that paralyzes our body (which protects us from acting out our
dreams and getting into a lot of trouble!) But sometimes, for unknown reasons,
something goes wrong and this protective paralysis doesn’t go away when we first
wake up. It’s as if it takes our brain a minute to realize that dreaming sleep
has ended. The hallucinations of dreams may continue, too, resulting in visions of
evil creatures. Why are the visions almost always scary? Because it is very
scary to feel helpless and paralyzed, which may trigger us to imagine scenes of
malevolent spirits.
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What do the following have in common?
Asleep, dreaming, aware that the dream images are dreams, may include ability to
control the dream
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Characteristics of lucid dreams
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During ordinary dreams, we are not aware that the experience is actually a dream.
No matter how strange or bizarre the dream becomes, we usually believe it to be
real and act accordingly – that is, until we wake up and realize our error! In
lucid dreams, the dreamer suddenly thinks, "Hey – right now I am dreaming
all of this!" Sometimes, this awareness dawns during a nightmare. We try to
make ourselves wake up to end it. Some people (including sects of Tibetan monks)
try to cultivate this mental state.
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What do the following have in common?
Loud and irregular snoring, daytime drowsiness, intermittent pauses in breathing
during sleep
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Symptoms of sleep apnea
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Sleep apnea is a potentially life-threatening breathing disorder that occurs during
sleep. It is about as common as adult asthma. It is usually treated with a special
breathing mask that is worn during sleep.
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What do the following have in common?
Jerking in sleep, discomfort in limbs at sleep onset, daytime drowsiness,
difficulty falling asleep
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Symptoms of movement-related sleep disorders
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Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) and Periodic Limb Movement in Sleep (PLMS) are
movement-related sleep disorders. Sufferers kick and jerk a lot at night, often
rhythmically, and may experience great discomfort or "restlessness" of
the limbs (especially legs) at night.
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What do the following have in common?
Muscle weakness (especially with emotion), severe daytime drowsiness,
hallucinations on the borders of sleep, sleep paralysis
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Symptoms of narcolepsy
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Narcolepsy is a relatively rare sleep disorder, but it often has a profound effect.
People with severe narcolepsy may fall asleep in the middle of a sentence, or may
drop to the ground during laughter or tears. The onset of symptoms usually occurs
during adolescence or early adulthood.
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What do the following have in common?
Acting out violent dreams, thrashing or moving about in the bed primarily toward
the early morning hours.
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Symptoms of REM sleep behavior disorder (RSBD)
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Although it may be mistaken for sleepwalking, RSBD is actually very different. It
is a disorder of REM sleep in which the normal muscle paralysis of REM does not
function properly. Unfortunately, aggressive or violent dreams seem to be a part of
this syndrome, so it may lead to serious injury for the sleeper or his/her bed
partner. It occurs more often (although not exclusively) in elderly men who have
other neurological problems.
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